The Famous Cats of Hagia Sophia
For centuries, cats have called Hagia Sophia home. From the legendary Gli to today's courtyard residents, discover why Istanbul's most iconic landmark is also a paradise for cat lovers.
Istanbul β The City of Cats
Istanbul is often called the "City of Cats." With an estimated 125,000 street cats roaming its streets, parks, and historic sites, the city has a unique and deeply rooted relationship with its feline population. Unlike many cities where stray animals are seen as a nuisance, Istanbul's cats are cherished, fed, and cared for by locals and visitors alike.
This cultural bond stretches back centuries. In Ottoman times, cats were revered for their cleanliness β a quality highly valued in Islamic tradition. Foundations were established specifically to care for street animals, and cats were welcomed into mosques, bazaars, and homes. Today, you will find cat houses, water bowls, and food stations on nearly every street corner in Istanbul.
Hagia Sophia sits at the heart of this tradition. As one of the city's oldest and most visited landmarks, it has always attracted cats seeking shade, shelter, and the affection of millions of annual visitors.
Gli β The Most Famous Cat of Hagia Sophia
No story about Hagia Sophia's cats is complete without Gli. Born in 2004, this cross-eyed calico cat became the unofficial mascot of Hagia Sophia and one of the most famous cats in the world. She lived inside the building for 16 years, often spotted lounging on the marble floors or perched near the entrance, greeting visitors with regal indifference.
Gli shot to international fame in 2009 when US President Barack Obama visited Hagia Sophia and was photographed gently stroking her. The image went viral and turned Gli into a global celebrity. She soon had her own Instagram account, amassing hundreds of thousands of followers who adored her distinctive crossed eyes and calm demeanor.
When Hagia Sophia was reconverted from a museum to a mosque in July 2020, Turkish authorities confirmed that Gli would be allowed to stay β a testament to her beloved status. Sadly, Gli passed away on November 7, 2020, at the age of 16. She was mourned by people around the world, and Istanbul's municipality honored her memory. Gli remains an enduring symbol of the bond between Hagia Sophia and its feline inhabitants.
Cats at Hagia Sophia Today
While no single cat has quite filled Gli's legendary paws, Hagia Sophia continues to be home to several friendly feline residents. You will regularly spot cats lounging in the courtyard, exploring the garden areas, and relaxing near the entrance.
The best places to find cats around Hagia Sophia include:
- The courtyard β Cats love the shaded areas under trees and near the fountain.
- The garden and grounds β Especially in the morning, you will often see cats sunbathing on the grass.
- The entrance area β Cats sometimes greet visitors near the main gates, just as Gli once did.
- Sultanahmet Square β The park between Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque is full of cats.
Cat Etiquette at Hagia Sophia
You can gently pet cats if they approach you β most are friendly and enjoy the attention.
Do not feed cats inside the mosque. If you want to offer food, do so in the courtyard or garden.
Respect the cats' space. Do not chase, pick up, or startle them.
Photographing cats is welcome, but avoid using flash as it can frighten them.
If a cat is sleeping, let it rest. Istanbul cats are experts at napping in the most photogenic spots.
Carry a small water bottle in summer β cats appreciate a drink on hot days.
Fun Facts About Hagia Sophia's Cats
Istanbul is home to an estimated 125,000 street cats, more than any other city in the world.
Cats have lived in and around Hagia Sophia for centuries β Ottoman records mention them as early as the 1600s.
The Turkish word for cat is 'kedi,' and there is a popular 2016 documentary called 'Kedi' about Istanbul's street cats.
In Islam, cats are considered clean animals and are traditionally welcomed in mosques.
Gli the cat had her own Instagram account (@haikiasofya_gli) with over 100,000 followers before she passed away.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are there still cats living in Hagia Sophia?
Yes. While Gli, the most famous resident, passed away in 2020, several cats continue to roam the courtyard, gardens, and entrance area of Hagia Sophia. Istanbul's street cats are everywhere, and Hagia Sophia remains a favorite spot.
Who was Gli and why was she famous?
Gli was a cross-eyed calico cat who lived inside Hagia Sophia for 16 years. She became internationally famous in 2009 when US President Barack Obama was photographed petting her during his visit. She had her own Instagram account and became a beloved symbol of the monument. Gli passed away on November 7, 2020.
Can you pet the cats at Hagia Sophia?
Many of the cats around Hagia Sophia are friendly and used to visitors. You can gently pet them if they approach you. Avoid chasing them, picking them up, or feeding them inside the mosque. The courtyard and garden cats tend to be the most approachable.
Is there a best time to see cats at Hagia Sophia?
Early morning and late afternoon are the best times to spot cats around Hagia Sophia. During the midday heat, especially in summer, cats tend to rest in shaded areas. The courtyard and garden are the most reliable spots to find them.